12th Hawaii Energy Conference: Offering Solutions in a Changing Energy Landscape

by HEC Team | Feb 13, 2025 | 2025, News

The 12th Hawaii Energy Conference (HEC) will convene on Maui May 21-22 with an overall theme of “Offering Solutions.” As local, national and international communities navigate a changing energy landscape, the event will bring together industry leaders to offer solutions addressing the most pressing energy challenges of today.

Presented by the Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB), the conference will feature keynote speakers, panel discussions, case studies and an exhibit venue. The program will cover topics ranging from utility-scale renewable energy deployment to community-based initiatives, and the economics and advancements of grid independence. Discussions will also tackle energy efficiency, alternative energy sources, job creation, training, and more.

“Beyond direct energy costs, solutions offered impact decision making at all levels,” said Jacqui Hoover, Conference Chair and Executive Director and COO Hawaii Island Economic Development Board (HIEDB); and President Hawaii Leeward Planning. “They impact decisions on consumer, utility, and regulatory levels; near and long term policy making; technology integration; use and distribution of resources; environment, and sustainability.”

Jacqui Hoover presenting at the Hawaii Energy Conference

“The problems seem clear.” added Doug McLeod, a founding member of the HEC Program Committee. “Billions are needed to make the electrical grid safer, but Hawaii customers are already paying the highest rate in the US for electricity; the largest utility in the state has a credit rating too low to be considered investment grade, and there is considerable resistance to all new wind projects. Our speakers are there to offer insight and solutions for these very real problems.”

This year the conference introduces two Deep Dive sessions. Complementing the main stage discussions, these sessions will provide an intimate setting for up to 40 participants to engage directly with experts and explore complex issues like time-of-use rates and sustainable financing strategies.

“The deep dives offer an alternative to the main stage presentation that is expected to be more technical in nature.” said McLeod. “The first Deep Dive will explore Time of Use (TOU) rates led by former Hawaii Public Utilities Commissioner Jennifer Potter and Dr. Ahmad Faruqui from California. We will view the session a success if we can help answer questions like “Is there a way to design a TOU rate structure for a place like Hawaii with lots of daytime solar that does not penalize people who have to work outside the home during the day?”

The Hawaii Energy Conference offers networking and exhibiting opportunities to connect with key stakeholders, industry experts, innovators, policymakers and more. Attendees will be able to gain insights, share ideas, and collaborate on actionable solutions to building a sustainable future for Hawaii and beyond.

Doug McLeod (center) moderates a discussion at HEC2024

The Honorable Governor Josh Green presenting at HEC2024

The exhibit venue offers opportunities to network with energy professionals

The HEC is supported by the County of Maui Office of Economic Development and brings together experts and thought leaders to connect and explore the latest advancements shaping the energy landscape world-wide. The Conference expects to draw participation from Hawaii, the Continental U.S., Asia-Pacific, and more.

Registration is now open with early bird rates available until March 31.

Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit corporation established in 1982 with a mission to diversify Maui County’s economy, building pathways to innovation, jobs and opportunities for our residents. Through partnerships with the public and private sector, MEDB undertakes projects that assist growth industries with navigating and thriving in our county, educates and trains residents for new careers, and engages our community in forums that determine future economic directions.

Hawaii Energy Conference Reimagines Resilience

by HEC Team | Jun 23, 2024 | 2024, News

On May 22-23, Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) presented the 11th Annual Hawaii Energy Conference (HEC), with the theme Reimagining Resilience, at the Maui Arts & Cultural Center. Supported by the County of Maui Office of Economic Development, the HEC brought together experts and thought-leaders to connect with each other and explore the latest advances shaping the energy landscape world-wide.

The conference drew participation from Hawaii, the Continental U.S., Canada and Korea, for discussions on risk management, grid stability, and adaptive solutions that ensure a reliable and resilient energy supply.

Given the recent global trend of extreme weather events increasing in frequency and severity, the panels, case studies, and exhibit venue all addressed cutting-edge solutions to support resilience while lowering carbon emissions. Also included was how resilience planning can prioritize historically marginalized and disadvantaged communities.

“The Hawaii Energy Conference is more important than ever this year because of its topic of resilience,” said Leilani Chow, Energy Program Manager, Sust’āinable Moloka’i who spoke on a panel on the Thursday morning. “When you do community planning, resilience is at the forefront of community life. It is one of the huge topics that community leaders need to bring to the table for the well-being and safety of the people, no matter the disaster scenario.”

“The Maui wildfires helped us realize how vital planning for disasters is and that it must be accounted for in all of our energy preparation from the beginning. The conversations here helped us to better understand that this kind of planning needs to be done in other communities as well.”

Keynote speaker, Author and Wall Street Journal reporter Katherine Blunt kicked off the conference, sharing her research and insights from the California wildfires, the fall of PG&E, and her book California Burning: The Fall of Pacific Gas and Electric and What it Means for America’s Power Grid.

“It’s not just California and Maui, but also other places across the country, including Canada, that are facing possible fires and other disasters,” said Blunt. “We are facing a disruptive future that is likely to include big rate hikes, electric power instability, rolling blackouts and physical danger. All states might want to pay closer attention to the long-term effects of climate change with ambitious renewable energy mandates.”

During an ensuing discussion moderated by Doug McLeod, HEC program committee member, with Colton Ching, Senior Vice President, Planning & Technology, Hawaiian Electric, Blunt added, “The California story began as an article but was so complex it grew into a book. The Lahaina story is also complex. In many ways it is similar, but also unique.

“It takes a long time to make infrastructure changes, and costs could rise as more fires break out. Climate change, reflected in drier and hotter weather and more combustible vegetation, adds to the risks.”

“None of this can be fixed overnight. This is a wake-up call that utilities need to do more to minimize the risks. The take-away is that it is an issue everywhere across the country and the risks need to be mitigated through different pathways such as legislature, investor models to run a business, and much more.”

Colton Ching, responded, “The risk for the utilities is always there, especially in an environment that is always changing. Plus, it exists no matter who owns the assets. We need to be financially healthy with capital for improvements.”

Another featured speaker on Day 1 of the Hawaii Energy Conference was The Honorable Josh Green, Governor, State of Hawaii. Speaking of the challenges that persist after the August Maui wildfires, he said, “We need light speed changes for Hawaii. Many people had to leave the island. We have to change that. To start, lower taxes for working families would be more than helpful. We are currently the second highest taxed state in the country. Long-term and short-term rental changes could make a big difference as well.”

“Our energy goals for 2045 are extraordinary. We need money and investors to help solve the future clean energy challenges. The good news is we can do it; the bad news is we may have to take something away.

“We must support HECO and not let it collapse. We need local control of energy production, distribution, and securitization for the bridge to 2045. The bridge should be healthy and economically creative to get to 60% of our goal in the next six years.”

Looking for input and support, Green pleaded, “We need more plans to reduce our carbon emissions for our clean energy future. I’m counting on the thought leaders at the Hawaii Energy Conference to do what is best for our communities, while helping to keep costs down.”

…

Networking

In addition to the general sessions, the conference also provided networking opportunities for attendees with breakfast, lunch and receptions included. There was high energy in the exhibit venue with the opportunity for attendees to connect with each other and with participating sponsors showcasing the latest renewable-energy technologies and services.

 “This is a great conference to always catch up with everyone,” added Noe Kalipi, Chief Strategy Officer and EVP Hawaii & Pacific, Progression Offshore. “It’s great networking. I can achieve in one morning what might take me weeks to do.”

“Resiliency is more pertinent for Hawaii now because we have the science and technology. We need to get things done, even with limited resources. If we study the past and look at the science behind everything, we can apply it to what we need today to help us move forward. The Hawaii Energy Conference is where we have a broader conversation with many perspectives and a willingness to work with people.”

Shayna Decker, Hawaiian Electric shared, “I think the conference is important because it allows us to meet face-to-face and in-person with people from all different areas and technologies in the industry. I have attended all 11 years and value the evolution of discussions, and the projects that materialize from working and collaborating together.”

David Sellers, Principal Architect, Hawaii Off Grid Architecture & Engineering, emphasized, “The great thing is the conversations that are happening and the connections that people are making. It is extremely important to have these conversations; to talk-story and to learn from each other. Resiliency is something we lost sight of, but now we have to make things happen to help people who cannot mitigate these problems themselves. It’s time to move forward. Let’s do it!”

Gary Huffman of Burns & McDonnell, a sponsor and exhibitor noted, “At the Hawaii Energy Conference, I get to meet everyone in the industry, and everyone is brought to the table, all stakeholders, which gives a greater perspective as to what can be accomplished working together.”

Gabe Johnson, Maui County Council, Lanai District, shared, “I’m here to learn about alternate ways to address our energy consumption. We are looking at a smaller grid for communities as a way forward and another idea might be a co-op. We (Maui) have the most expensive rates in the state, and we have to come up with other ways to address that.

Hannah Shipman-Peila, Hā Sustainability, said, “I’m here to network with other professionals in the industry and to learn more. This is my favorite conference to attend because it is always so well presented, the speakers are incredible, the panels are great, and people ask the most amazing questions. It is one of the only conferences that has all the energy people in the state in one space to network and redevelop relationships.” 

The conference closed with a final networking opportunity; a Pau Hana reception sponsored by Women in Renewable Energy (WIRE). WIRE’s mission, to advance the role and recognition of women and other under-represented groups working in the energy sector, includes all renewable-energy and clean-energy technologies. The Pau Hana event featured live music with band Nevah Too Late.

The 2024 Hawaii Energy Conference was sponsored by Ulupono Initiative, Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (HNEI), Ulupono Initiative, HNEI, Aukahi Energy, Burns & McDonnell, Hawaii Energy/Leidos, Hawaiian Electric, IBEW Local Union 1186, Island Energy Services, Moss & Associates, Par Hawaii, TerraForm Power, AES, Canadian Solar, Generac, Hawaii Gas, HNU Energy, J&M Distributed Solutions, Jurchen Technologies, Kauai Island Utility Coop, NovaTech, Pacific Panel Cleaners, Puna Geothermal Ventures and Trio Energy Alliance.

Networking opportunities at the 2024 Hawaii Energy Conference

SUMMARY OF PANELS AND INVITED TALKS

Day 1

PANEL 1 | FUELING THE FUTURE

The panel discussed understanding the differences between biodiesel, renewable diesel, renewable natural gas, and other biofuels. Can these fuels really help with resilience and do they lower carbon emissions?

Moderator of the panel, Julie Yunker,Director of Sustainability, Government and Community Affairs, Hawaii Gas; said, “Our Sustainability Committee focuses on several initiatives, including a greenhouse gas emissions inventory to establish reporting baselines and to support emissions reduction targets.”

Bob King, Founder & President, Pacific Biodiesel, said “Our company has always focused on recycling with a zero-waste philosophy that incorporates development of value-added co-products. Our collaborative community-based agriculture and energy production model demonstrates a full-circle system of sustainability and climate change solutions designed to help Hawaii achieve a clean, sustainable energy future.

“A preliminary USC report on Life Cycle Assessment of electric bus versus biodiesel buses in Hawaii shows that biodiesel buses demonstrate a substantial reduction in environmental impact, consuming 48% less energy and 89% less water, compared to their electric counterparts.

Jon Mauer, President & CEO, Island Energy Services, commented, “One of IES’ core strategies is working to help the State of Hawaii transition to more sustainable fuels for the future, because Hawaii’s effort to decarbonization will require a portfolio of renewable energy, which includes biofuels.

“Hawaii’s RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standards) requirements for power generation are already driving renewable energy investments, recognizing that power resiliency and reliability will be critical.

“A State and Federal legislative framework that enables investments and sources of fuels for the State of Hawaii’s energy needs will be required. For example, the Low Carbon Fuel Standard and both local production and imports of fuel will need to be included.

“Hawaii’s biofuel transition is happening now, but more work is required. Stakeholders understanding of fuel and energy alternatives to meet their specific objectives will be important to get this right.”

Nicolas Rodier,Executive Director of Clean Energy and Innovation, Hawaii Gas, added, “Hawaii Gas is the state’s only regulated gas utility overseeing diverse sustainability initiatives. We are committed to reducing the carbon intensity of our system.

“Renewable natural gas and green hydrogen from solar are both intermittent, depending on variable factors like the sun, heat, and humidity. To remain reliable, we must be able to deal with volatility by diversifying our fuel sources, leveraging our existing assets, and using our renewable fuels, such as renewable naphtha.

“The path forward is to decarbonize our system. We need to maintain the same level of reliability and progress with our fuel substitution and diversification plans. We are firm in our commitment to a sustainable and energy-resilient Hawaii.”

Eric Wright, President, Par Hawaii, said, “Liquid renewable fuels are critical to Hawaii’s decarbonization goals. Par’s Renewable Hydrotreater (RHT) Project is a $90-million project to produce renewable fuels at our Kapolei refinery. Feedstocks include biogenic fats, oils and greases to produce low carbon jet and utility fuels for Hawaii, starting in 2025.”

“Our objective is to source local feedstock for a portion of production because feedstock supports agriculture and increases our energy security. We are conducting oil seed field trials in Hawaii through partnership with Pono Pacific.”

“State and Federal credits bridge the gap between conventional renewable fuel and alternatives. Par is working with Hawaiian Airlines, Pono Pacific and other stakeholders on a legislative proposal to increase the Hawaii Renewable Fuels Production Tax Credit.”

All panelists agreed, “The legislature needs to create incentives to offset higher unit costs of biofuel compared to standard petroleum.”

PANEL 2 | RESILIENCE FOR VULNERABLE POPULATIONS

This panel discussed protecting vulnerable populations, including design of local microgrids, planning for distributed energy resource (DER) systems, and implementing public-safety power-shutoff (PSPS) plans.

Maria Tome, Managing Director, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hawaii State Energy Office, moderated the discussion, saying, “It is vital for stakeholders working for resilience in vulnerable populations to work directly with project developers, such as permitting and regulatory agencies, utilities, the local and national industry, environmental and community experts on statewide energy strategies, resource assessments, policy analyses, environmental assessments, and technical and economic evaluations. Basically, the whole industry must work together to get it right.”

Michael Angelo, Division of Consumer Advocacy, Department of Commerce and Consumer Affairs, State of Hawaii, contributed, “We need advocacy in the regulatory environment and affordability in clean energy transition. Resilience for vulnerable populations is vital, for example when designing microgrids, and when planning for distributed energy resources and rooftop solar photo-voltaic systems.

“PSPS, when electric utility temporarily turns off power for fire risk areas, intends to reduce fire risk from electric power to fire risk areas. It is typically triggered by risk-based conditions, such as windand extreme dry conditions. PSPS has many side effects on users. Some solutions for those side effects are needed until power is restored. Provisions of other utility services are needed, such as electrical life support equipment, and day-to-day life needs, including cold storage, cooling and lighting.

Beth Amaro, Member Services and Communications Manager, Kauai Island Utility Cooperative, said, “We must stay current with available technologies for maintenance and preventive measures. We are working on demonstration projects to boost reliability and support our utility’s goal of reaching 100% renewable energy withing 10 years.

“Resilience hubs that are publicly accessible locations are needed during adverse conditions. Microgrids designed to benefit all consumers include DERs as a potential solution as part of a resilience hub.”

“In order to prepare the Kauai cooperative for PSPS we use pole inspections by drones with high resolution cameras, distributed weather stations, and Thor’s Hammer, a quick nondestructive test of utility pole integrity that can be repeated over many cycles with zero risk of shortening the serviceable life of the pole, to get local real-time assessment for PSPS..”

Ben Ollis, R&D Associate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, shared, “The cost of not investing in PSPS mitigation can be very high. Metrics for assessing resilience can be very diverse; we must make sure the right metric has been used for planning investments.

“In Puerto Rico there needs to be resilient community microgrids to deal with long-term outages, such as with hurricane damages. Case studies show that microgrids can be joined to provide affordable and reliable access to electricity in a town square in Puerto Rico. Networking the grids would increase their resiliency metrics while operating as an island.”

“However, microgrid integration of parts from different suppliers can be a barrier to implementation. Standardization among manufacturers and vendors is needed.”

PANEL 3 | POWERING PROGRESS: WHAT IS NEEDED FOR A RESILIENT AND DYNAMIC ENERGY FUTURE

Perspectives were discussed on what has been achieved and what gaps need to be filled to ensure continued progress for Hawaii.

Michael Colón, Energy Director, Ulupono Initiative moderated this session, saying, “Ulupono spearheads efforts that align with the firm’s vision for a community-driven, clean-energy future for Hawaii. We need to know where to go next to empower our communities through sustainable energy solutions. It’s vital to support the continued growth of clean energy in the state by supporting conscious and community-engaged action.”

Caroline Carl, Executive Director, Hawaii Energy, stated, “Demand is my issue and figuring out mechanisms for community engagement. Households need to be conscious of our energy goals day-to-day. Residential loads are easier to manage in Hawaii because of our climate so we need to design and implement innovative initiatives to help achieve energy savings targets, while helping families and businesses save money and make smart energy choices.

“Enhanced building codes for better efficiency leads to larger up-front costs but lower operating costs,” Carl added. “It is more desirable that the market does this than the government. It will be much cheaper. At the end of the day, for international and national building energy codes, the market needs to be more resilient and more efficient to adopt best practices for our infrastructure.”

Mark Glick, Chief Energy Officer, Hawaii State Energy Office, commented, “I would like input from all voices in our community because community-driven planning is changing the game. It can help ensure resilience. We need to coordinate with the Legislators to oversee the fulfillment of Hawaii’s ambitious energy transformation.”

“We need more planning to prepare for weather related events. The biofuel sector is reliable but still a small percentage of green energy. Legislators need to rethink and expand development of geothermal.”

“We need to make more capital available for renewables and reduce costs in a way that will attract capital investments. Moloka’i is a great model for this and perhaps we can take pieces of that to other communities, moving forward.

“I’m hopeful that the state will receive a $250 million award from the Department of Energy for the installation of temperature sensors, high-tech weather stations and other strategies to harden the grid and increase Hawaii’s resilience to climate change impacts.”

Colin Yost, Commissioner, Hawaii Public Utilities Commission (PUC), contributed, “The PUC is considering changes in practices due to climate change. We are keeping a sense of what is important to get to 60% of the 2045 goal and reassess the best way ahead.”

“We want to try to implement new technologies quicker and create a more reliable energy system. Engaging with the community takes time and we need to move at the speed of trust due to the increased demand for distributing load in the future.”

“Communities are stuck in reaction mode rather than thinking ahead proactively. Less advantaged communities still need access to rooftop solar. Electric-vehicle infrastructure is woefully behind.”

“We need to improve permitting time so that everyone who can contribute to our goals can do so. Everyone has the potential to help us move forward in our sustainable future.

“Kauai has demonstrated an extraordinary achievement with the lowest costs in the state and I think we should be able to achieve that in the rest of the State. We need to know what legislative measures are most desirable now.”

The Honorable Josh Green, Governor, State of Hawaii joined the panel and said, “We need some form of securitization to cover electric utility costs in the near term. We need to bring in more equity to bring net costs down, for example, green fees, or travel fees. We can tell people they are contributing to global goals.

“We can’t do nothing! Community engagement on 2045 goals can happen in parallel with most state processes. We are the pioneering state for a 100% Renewable Portfolio Standards and are committed to eliminating our dependency on imported fossil fuels by 2045.

“Legislators need to be informed about the true community positions on issues. There are no shortcuts to 2045. It is good for people to move away from fossil fuels that are destroying our planet. We also need the political will to do it.”

“HECO needs support from the community to survive. Economics will eventually favor renewables, and we need to persevere until then. The electric company has mandated detailed analysis of each energy source. We need to have all renewables on the table.”

“We need some common ground in our efforts to agree to work through the hard nitty-gritty of every day. Waiting has a cost, including human cost.”

FEATURED PRESENTATION: A Fire Safety Professional Looks at Battery Fires

Kazuo Todd, Fire Chief, Hawaii County Fire Department

“The main cause of fires is damage to batteries, which can become very hot and produce toxic gases. Battery technologies being deployed in Hawaii are battery energy storage systems (BESSs), electric vehicles (EVs), residential systems, and consumer products. The common cause of risks are lithium battery fires.

“Potential hazards during fires are toxic fumes and explosions. Improper disposal can also lead to fires. Our firefighting concerns include effective suppression techniques and agents. New batteries can require excessive amounts of water and time to put out.

“EV battery fires can re-ignite up to a week after a collision, causing toxic gases, electrocution, heat, and explosions. Consumer prevention and safety measures include proper charging, following manufacturer’s guidelines, and being aware of knock-off batteries and unlisted products.

“Our BESS emergency response preparedness incorporated essential firefighting equipment and protective gear, specialized training and regular drills, plus developing comprehensive emergency response plans. Also, we have regulatory and industry standards for BESS.

“We recommend becoming involved with the local fire response in the planning stages for BESS and considering statewide disposal processes. The frequency of fires is not more than with other technologies but concerns over the unfamiliar and new suppression needs are being taken seriously.”

PANEL 4 | RESILIENT SOLAR

Innovation in residential solar. What are the installers in Hawaii doing to meet the needs of their customers? What are some island-by-island differences?

Moderator, Robert “Rocky” Mould, Executive Director, Hawaii Solar Energy Association (HSEA) said, “Private rooftop solar systems are 47% of Hawaii’s solar capacity and play an important role for a sustainable and resilient Hawaii.

“The HSEA works directly with industry, regulators, policymakers, and other stakeholders to drive Hawaii’s clean energy transformation by creating green jobs, advancing solar energy and energy storage solutions, and providing resilient alternatives for Hawaii’s community.

Fred Brooks, Owner, Pacific Panel Cleaners (PPC), shared, “PPC is a solar panel cleaning and maintenance company. Twelve percent of the systems installed are not working. This fosters recycling of defunct panels rather than disposal. Drones help us on big sites to identify issues fast.”

“The message is: Keep those panels clean! Soiling can rob a panel of 20% of its efficiency. We have seen even more extreme cases. It’s not just that dirty panels will seriously lower efficiency but whatever impairs them, such as uric acid in bird droppings or salt in our island air, which also takes its toll on the aluminum panel frames, exposed pipe work, and external wiring. All of these, when damaged can distort the system’s essential balance.”

Ted Peck, President, Holu Hou Energy (HHE), asked, “How do you size a system for low or intermittent loads, as with small apartments or vacation rentals, when you can’t export the instantaneous excess generation? One answer is, you can share among a set of such units, allowing a more predictable total load.”

He continued, “Time of day, generation versus consumption mismatch, and time load is never predictable in a rental property unit. Also, exported energy is less and less valuable because excess production needs to be stored to create value, making the load risk problem even worse.

“A case study at the Makai Kalaeloa MDU Project in 2016-2017 showed an initial experience with MDU solar only via PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) with a facility owner. The problems encountered at Makai brought invaluable learning that was foundational to creating the HHE EnergyCluster concept.

“The mismatch between supply and demand for MDU properties makes standard photovoltaic (PV) + storage systems impossible to economically size. However, EnergyShare Technology smooths out the wide variance of load and makes a more predictable load profile creating a highly robust PV + ESS (Energy Storage System).

“Energy management, efficiency and renewable energy are vital to the unique challenges of Hawaii’s landscape.”

Jamie Swezey, Program Director, Footprint Project commented, “Our mission at Footprint is to build back greener after disasters by providing cleaner energy infrastructure to communities in crisis. Our overall impact to date includes 20+ disaster missions, 250+kW of mobile solar, 700+ kWh of mobile battery storage, and 50,000 people supported with emergency sustainable energy access.

“We believe the best way to develop new resilient infrastructure is to build it together. Through our numerous partnerships we assemble off-grid mobile solar generators for community-based disaster relief. We train, educate, and empower communities to safely deploy and plug into cleaner energy systems.

“The devastating wildfires led us to our largest disaster response and recovery mission to date. The power of partnership between community and industry is lighting the path toward resilience on Maui.”

PANEL 5 | USING VIRTUAL POWER PLANTS TO SUPPORT RESILIENCE

A discussion of Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) and the new Hawaii Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) program. The panel discussed the recent VPP Commercial Liftoff Report from the US Department of Energy, lessons learned in Hawaii from the successes of the Battery Bonus Program, and challenges as we move ahead under the new BYOD Tariff. The panel also premiered a VPP Model Tariff and Legislation.

Moderator, Bradley Albert, Director of Business Development, Nexamp, said, “In November 2022, Hawaiian Electric awarded Nexamp seven solar projects to benefit low and moderate income customers on Maui, Oahu, and Hawaii Island.”

“Hawaii does not need permit controls for electric vehicles; heating, ventilation and air conditioning; hot water; and battery storage. Once solar is installed, these control techniques are automatically available.”

Beren Argetsinger, Partner, Keyes & Fox LLP, commented, “Virtual Power Plants are operating in many states. They are not all the same. Current VPP programs continue to be modified as experience accumulates. Hawaii is uniquely positioned to enable VPPs at scale. Some other VPP programs across the country include California, Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Massachusetts, New York, Rhode Island, Utah, and Vermont.

“Hawaii is uniquely positioned to enable VPPs at scale. We have a high penetration of customer-sited solar + energy storage; aggressive climate and clean energy goals, near-term capacity needs, resiliency needs, and cost reductions. Customers subscribe and are paid a fee to allow their energy resources to be used on the grid.”

“VPP takeaways: simplicity, meaningful customer value proposition, ratepayer benefits, and participation of DER industry partners are all crucial elements of the programs’ success.

“The Model VPP Tariff Initiative is a standard offer with open-access tariff-based VPP framework building on the DOE Liftoff Report, which includes recommendations and best practices from VPP programs operating around the country.

Richard Matsui, Senior Advisor, DOE LPO (Department of Energy Loan Programs Office) added, “Between 2023 and 2030, coincident peak demand on the grid will rise ~60 GW. At the same time, fossil assets are retiring. Roughly 200 GW of peak-coincident demand must be served with new resources coming online by 2030.

“Each year, electric-vehicle chargers and batteries will add 20-90 GW of demand and 305-540 GWh of storage capacity.

VPPs provide resource adequacy at a low cost, build resilience, reduce missions, alleviate power grid congestion, and empower communities. One critical function of VPPs is to use distributed energy resources (DERs) to reduce demand peaks.

He concluded, “Five imperatives will accelerate Liftoff for VPPs: expansion of DER adoption with equitable benefits; simplifying VPP enrollment; increasing standardization in VPP operations; integrating VPP into utility planning and incentives; and integrating VPPs into wholesale markets.”

Wil Yamamoto, Partner, Yamamoto Caliboso Hetherington said “Early Hawaii VPPs helped grid stability by reducing home and business consumption. Power Partnership Programs with independent companies or grid-service aggregators provided grid services by managing customers’ systems to help balance supply and demand.

“The Battery Bonus Program (cash incentives for adding new energy storage to a rooftop solar system) improved grid reliability and resiliency during evening peak hours and encouraged customers to add energy storage to their existing or new rooftop solar.

“The BYOD-1 program is a follow-up program launched in April 2024 with three levels of BYOD planned for the installation of new energy storage batteries or other smart technology, with upfront and monthly incentives.

“BYOD-2 and BYOD-3 are in development, intending to offer remote dispatch and control capability, with aggregators as dispatch agents, versus utility direct dispatch.

“As currently defined, participants are limited to utility customers who can receive on-bill credits. There is no mechanism to provide program payments to aggregators at this time.

“Ultimately, if VPPs are to gain wide adoption and become a true grid resource, customers will need to be sufficiently incentivized to participate. In the long run, grid value of energy must match customer value of the battery capacity made available: customers don’t want to ‘sell low and buy high’. Hawaii’s experience has national attention.”

DAY 2

PANEL 6 | CENTERING EQUITY IN RESILIENCE PLANNING

Resilience planning must be culturally appropriate, participatory, and responsive to local needs. This panel explored successful efforts to prioritize equity in efforts to build resilience in our infrastructure, natural systems, social systems and communities.

Jonathan Koehn, Director, City of Boulder Climate Initiatives Department and a founding member of the HEC Program Committee led this discussion to open Day 2 of the Hawaii Energy Conference.

“Prioritizing energy resilience within our homes, businesses, communities and industries is critical for maintaining a reliable, accessible supply of energy while also limiting system vulnerabilities to increasing natural disasters. Resilient energy systems can also improve health, comfort, affordability and accessibility.

“We must also address problems related to more vulnerable people and design systems that include everyone.”

“Government needs to listen to information they did not solicit. Typically, government is good at pushing information out but not good at accepting information it did not seek.

“Communities also need to do their own resilience planning and present it to the government for implementation.”

Leilani Chow, Program Manager, Sust’āinable Moloka’I said, “We were established in 2010 after the breakdown of master land-use conversations between the community and the developers of Moloka’i Ranch. This experience profoundly impacted the community—some were for the proposed land trust, and some were against it.

“The one thing that could be agreed upon was that we needed to be drivers of our destiny as a community to shape growth that aligns with our cultural values. This is the reason and purpose for Sust’āinable Moloka’i. We are proud to work to ensure that our community’s voices and mana’o are incorporated into collective decisions about the future of our land.

“Energy planning often does not consider the voices of ordinary citizens. Resilience needs to be at the forefront of planning for the needs of the community.

Yesenia Perez, Climate Equity Program Manager, Greening Institute commented, “At Greening, we are a team of equity-focused optimists who are building a future where race is never a barrier to opportunities and where communities of color can thrive.

“Development and implementation of climate resilience and clean mobility policies must ensure that they effectively address the needs of everyone.

“Historically, solutions led by local stakeholders exclude a community-driven approach. Many times, experts come with technical solutions without hearing from the community affected. It is up to the communities to decide for themselves what they need and want.

“Funding for transportation also needs to be distributed with equity. Certain communities of underserved are left out of improvements.”

Bethel Tarekegne, System Engineer, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, added, “We need to focus on understanding the social equity implications of renewable energy technologies. We must also explore justice implications; discovering ways that will also benefit underserved communities.

“The convening power of the government needs to be used to help local communities meet and articulate what their needs are. Communities need a stake in the ownership of the energy solutions developed for them.”

FEATURED PRESENTATION | EXPLORING PUBLIC OPINION: COMMUNITY SENTIMENT TOWARD RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

Murray Clay, President, and Michael Colon, Energy Director of Ulupono Initiative presented results from a survey.

“Ulupono Initiative sought to test assumptions about public perception of renewable energy projects and gather insights to help shape Hawaii’s energy future alongside its communities,” said Clay. “This is the most extensive and comprehensive public opinion survey on the topic of energy in Hawaii. The survey was designed to rank how residents view various energy technologies with 1,985 surveys of full-time Hawaii residents, age 18+.”

Colon added, “The nearly 2,000 people were surveyed on their thoughts about geothermal, utility-scale solar, land-based wind, offshore wind, hydroelectric, biomass, and fossil fuels.”

Results presented by the pair were:

• A statewide average of 91% of survey respondents said that in general they support the expansion of renewable energy resources in Hawaii. The County of Hawaii was ranked the strongest, the lowest was Honolulu.
• 71% said that, in their opinion, it is very important for Hawaii to develop its own renewable sources of electricity. An additional 25% said, ‘somewhat important’. The County of Hawaii had the largest percentage of those saying, ‘very important’.
• According to respondents, the most important factor in deciding what type of energy generation technology is developed in Hawaii is one that produces inexpensive electricity.
• The County of Hawaii saw the strongest support about a utility-scale geothermal power plant being built in their town or community. However, all agreed to support it if it lowered their electric bill by at least $30 each month and would not harm the environment.
• Sixty-five percent of respondents agree that residents must contribute in some way to the expansion of renewable energy to make an impact on climate change.

The full survey is available at https://ulupono.com/project-list/statewide-energy-survey/

PANEL 7: | WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT AND ENERGY RESILIENCE

Moderator Damien Kim, Business Manager and Financial Secretary, International Brotherhood Electrical Workers (IBEW) Local 1186 led a discussion that explored the question, ‘Do we have the labor force we need to increase resilience?’

“IBEW is a nonprofit labor organization of electrical workers with common concerns and aspirations for a better Hawaii workforce. Local IBEW and our certification and apprenticeship programs provide a way for labor to stay in Hawaii. We provide an alternative pathway to pursue for those not going on to college.”

“The construction industry is second behind tourism in Hawaii. We know that by working together we can accomplish what we cannot accomplish alone. We serve as a vehicle to bring together people of many talents to achieve service to the community.”

Terry Uyehara, also with IBEW Local 1186 said, “We offer an alternative to a 4-year college with an internship/apprenticeship at IBEW. We prefer individuals who are career-minded with soft skills such as communication, working with others, and meeting deadlines.”

“Apprentices study electrical systems intensively to get state- and federally certified to be able to install and service electrical systems. Under our training program, members receive free skills and safety training. The program offers training supplies, classes, and equipment for its local apprentices. Apprentices are assigned to contractors with schooling at night after work.”

Stephanie Gabriel, Regional Director, Pacific, U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) commented, “USGBC Hawaii exists to create an environmentally and socially responsible quality of life through the transformation of the built environment and the way it is planned, designed, constructed and operated.

“We hope to create a strong foundation of sustainable practice among architects, engineers, service providers, owners, and other professionals in the building community. We offer a variety of ways to participate in local and national green building activities and opportunities to connect our valuable professional network.

“Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification needs to be better understood. LEED standards provide a framework for healthy, highly efficient, and cost-saving green buildings, which offer environmental, social and governance benefits. LEED certification is a globally recognized symbol of sustainability achievement.

Leslie Wilkins, President & CEO, Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) said, “MEDB, along with Good Jobs Hawaii, offers work-based learning. We are an intermediary between industry and education. We include community voices from business, government, educators, and community leaders to support the development of a robust and balanced economy to benefit the people of Maui County.

“Our work toward this goal falls under three headings: business assistance, education-to-workforce, and convening community to find common ground, collaborate and move our community forward.

“MEDB’s STEMworks™ Program is an innovative and impactful K-12 education curriculum. It is designed to build critical thinkers and solution creators through project-based, service-oriented student learning.

“We train educators as well as students. We offer an online STEMworks Lending Library that includes Renewable Energy STEM kits. MEDB also sponsors internships; however, we need more industry hosts this year to accommodate all the students who have signed up. This is a call to action for industry to open your doors to interns and career-change applicants.

“We are also asking industry leaders to submit real-world problem sets for STEMworks Clean Energy Challenges and Solutions, in which student teams develop a solution for an identified problem. Prize money is awarded, and winning teams will present at the Hawaii Energy Conference in 2025, and hopefully also intern at the company in the Summer 2025 to implement the proposed solution.

“Federal money is available for infrastructure and clean energy, but it takes hard work to access it. We would like to match federal funding to local needs, and we welcome local community input. Federal money is available to employers for taking on an apprentice or intern.

“New funding for business recovery needs to be aligned with West Side needs. Green energy adds resilience and reduces overall costs; however, constant engagement with federal authorities is essential for Lahaina’s recovery.”

PANEL 8 | RESILIENT HOUSING AND ENERGY

Energy needs for resilient housing. What are some of the lessons learned since the August 2023 fires?

Moderator, Jacqui Hoover, Conference Chair; Executive Director and COO, Hawaii Island Economic Development Board; and President, Hawaii Leeward Planning led the discussion, “How can we collaborate better for more equity? What will help us realize the need to work together?

Ben Sullivan, Deputy Director, City & County of Honolulu Office of Climate Change, Sustainability and Resiliency said, “Government needs to commit to larger societal goals. Our values must converge on definable goals to work together and get things done.”

“What happened in Lahaina has happened elsewhere with increasing frequency. I feel some obligation to help solve the long-term sustainability problem. We have evidently lost some balance when housing becomes so unaffordable.”

“Federal funding for energy conversion and resiliency is currently available, but perhaps not indefinitely.

“We want to facilitate photo-voltaic-ready construction. Federal policy helps in retro-fitting existing buildings (Inflation Reduction Act). Affordability is a relative term, depending on the project and the clients.”

David Sellers, Principal Architect, Hawaii Off Grid Architecture & Engineering added, “We are the first company dedicated to constructing only net-zero-carbon buildings. An example is Hope Ohana. It is a living space that is all off-grid, solar, multi-generational, rapid-build for permanent dwelling, using modules that can be shipped in standard containers.”

“Green net-zero energy can save and make money for owners. In Maui County, new homes over 5,000 square feet have to be net-zero. Permitting is still a challenge, although the need for process improvements is understood. Plus, there is a notable labor shortage.”

“The grid is saturated in some respects, which motivates big changes we need to make. Symptoms of this include the expansion of the houseless population and permanent residents leaving Hawaii.

“We have energy codes to conserve energy, but with the prospect of abundant renewable, net- zero energy, the codes don’t often apply. Off-grid, you can use the energy more freely. Building codes have to balance resiliency, safety, affordability, and many other factors.

“Current regulation codes mandate connecting to the grid, especially for new sub-divisions for housing. We are in the middle of a new industrial revolution, including digital artificial intelligence, which has the possibility of putting more wealth in the middle class.

“We need to remain optimistic and open to the emerging possibilities and opportunities,” Sellers concluded.

Race Randle, CEO, Maui Land & Pineapple Company, Inc. said, “For over a century, Maui Land & Pineapple has built a legacy of authentic innovation through conservation, agriculture, community building and land management. We now have a vision of a future where people can thrive in resilient communities with sufficient housing supply, economic stability, food and water security, and deep connections between people and place.”

“Maui Land & Pineapple is passionately interested in using their 22,000 acres to add resiliency to the Maui community. We are dedicated to thoughtfully maximizing the productive use of our assets to meet the current critical needs and those of the future.

“What is incentivized will get built. This applies to housing and energy to create value and improve quality of life.

“Technology allows tradeoffs in housing and energy between connecting to the grid, including water infrastructure, and living off-grid. For some new Maui houses, cost of going off-grid is about the same as connecting to the grid.”

“The Lahaina fire illustrated the need for alternative energy and communication, including Starlink systems.”

PANEL 9 | PATHWAYS FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Is more geothermal energy a good way to increase resilience? What other areas in Hawaii have a viable resource and how have the views of Native Hawaiian groups evolved toward geothermal energy?

Moderator, Noelani Kalipi, Chief Strategy Officer and Executive Vice President, Hawaii & Pacific, Progression Offshore said, “You have to be a visionary to help solve the energy crisis. It’s complex. At Progression, we develop renewable solutions for communities that want to take charge of their energy future through wind (offshore, onshore), solar, battery storage, geothermal, microgrid services, and more.”

Michael Kaleikini, Senior Director, Hawaii Affairs, Ormat shared, “Ormat is a world leader in Geothermal Energy. We own and operate Puna Geothermal Venture (PGV) located in lower Puna. Demolished by the May 2018 eruption, it is currently being re-built. Our PGV facility is the only utility-scale geothermal energy provider in Hawaii. More are in the works.

“We must address both the cultural issues and safety concerns for geothermal development for the project to be successful. The negatives and criticism cite the adverse effect of hydrogen sulfide gas and noise from the power plant activities on geothermal development. Noxious gases occasionally leak and cause cultural degradation.”

“Little assessment has been done on Maui, so we don’t know the actual possibilities there yet. The need for decisive action on geothermal development is becoming more urgent.

“Low-temperature sources can be used for local applications, but higher temperature is needed for utility-scale applications. Ormat already has the equipment for low-temperature applications. Geothermal is not a total energy solution, but it is part of an overall solution.”

Nicole Lautze, Founder and Director, Hawaii Groundwater and Geothermal Resources Center; Professor, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii (UH) contributed, “My concern is for the planet, to unite to solve climate change for future generations. Groundwater, geothermal energy, and carbon storage are all needed to preserve the planet.”

“Evidence collected by UH suggests that all the major Hawaiian Islands may hold the subsurface heat that is necessary to produce geothermal energy. Geothermal energy is rarer because it’s only available in areas that are near an active volcano or rift line.”

“Hawaii geothermal prospecting includes collecting groundwater data from existing wells; completing a geophysical survey; and drilling slim holes to a depth of about 2 kilometers (about 1.25 miles). The project allows researchers to learn more about the geological structures within the Hawaiian calderas, how they affect the movement and storage of groundwater within the island, and how Hawaiian calderas lose heat over time.

“Next steps are to characterize the deep subsurface through drilling ($15M/yr. for 10 years, about 3 deep wells per year) with a year of public funds. It’s a win-win, or at least a no-losing scenario, for the state.

“Most people do not realize the long-lead time. We need to think decades ahead in order to understand the real geothermal costs and benefits.”

Colton Ching, of Hawaiian Electric added, “Hawaiian Electric has taken a leading role in the integration of renewable and distributed energy resource (DER) systems. Our responsibility, to plan a renewable energy grid and integrate needed new technologies into the system, has us considering geothermal and other renewable sources.”

FEATURED PRESENTATION | WILDFIRE SAFETY SYMPOSIUM

Colton Ching, returned to the stage to discuss Hawaiian Electric’s Wildfire Safety Strategy to address elevated risks. “We want to improve operations, harden the grid, partner with stakeholders, and expand situational awareness.”

“We intend to hold sharing and gathering community/stakeholder input meetings, a wildfire safety working group, all with community engagement. Our four foundational pillars are to deploy sensors, build a Public-Safety Power Shutoff (PSPS) program, harden the grid, and protect customers and communities. We hope to ensure customers are better prepared for emergencies.

“Our strategy plan includes a wildfire risk analysis, operation procedures, grid design changes, and pre-emptive power shutoffs. Other actions incorporate inspection plans, system hardening and vegetation management.

“We plan to define and develop improved situational awareness through new technologies, Public Utility Commission review and guidance, and implementation of wildfire safety strategies to monitor, measure, report and adjust any challenges to the system.”

PANEL 10 | RESILIENT TRANSPORTATION

Are EVs (electric vehicles) part of the answer to increasing resilience? What is the status of the various technologies to allow V2G (vehicle to grid) and Vehicle to Home power transfer?

Moderator, Brennon Morioka, Dean, College of Engineering, University of Hawaii at Mānoa led this panel, saying, “Ships and planes are the largest contributors to carbon emissions. We have to look at the prospects for converting these. We need a whole workforce in this area.”

“Accessibility and reliability of charging EVs are our main constraints.”

Gregg Kresge, Senior Manager, Utility Engagement and Transportation Electrification-US Energy, World Resource said, “There are many reasons to electrify school buses. V2G applications involve sending power back to the grid to share grid peaks. Energy stored in the batteries of electric school buses can support a range of services and functions.

“Some of the most common services include demand charge mitigation; microgrid/site power; demand response; frequency regulation; alternate spinning reserve; energy arbitrage; energy arbitrage in support of renewables; and emergency preparedness response.

“Plus, electrification can accelerate decarbonization while bringing direct, tangible benefits to every community. For example, there will be cleaner air than with diesel buses. Reduced operating expenses for school districts, new jobs in green manufacturing and enhanced resiliency and renewables integration with V2G.

“Our goal is to electrify all 500,000 school buses nationally by 2030. We might not be able to make it, but still the goal is official.

“Technology improvements will eventually help us move forward towards our energy goals; however, the fact remains that we need more charging infrastructure.”

 Aki Marceau, Director, Electrification of Transportation, Hawaiian Electric added, “One of our goals is to reduce our state’s carbon footprint through clean transportation.

“We are hoping to accelerate our efforts to build public support for the infrastructure that’s needed to ensure our community has reliable and practical clean transportation options beyond just personal vehicles.

“The EV charger is a tool since location matters to people and the grid.  We need more Fast Chargers through the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)-Compliant Stalls. We are urging public charger users to ‘charge with aloha’.

“We realize that 100% EV sales in 2-3 years is unfeasible, but it represents our most desirable outcome. Range anxiety is predominant because of lack of charging stations.

“As our electric grid becomes cleaner, we have an opportunity to make our buses, bikes, cars, and even airplanes greener. We need to work together to ensure this transition happens in a way that makes Hawaii more resilient.

Riley Saito, Energy Specialist, County of Hawaii commented, “Transition to EVs is a chicken-and-egg problem because of the charging capacity needed.”

“Fuel-cell EVs, first of its kind for heavy transport like buses and trucks, is currently federally funded. As for ships and planes, the largest contributors to carbon emissions, we need to think about the prospects for converting them.

“Hawaii, with its 38,000 EVs, lags in public charging networks. Elevation change is a big factor limiting the range of EVs as well.

“We need to explore the future of transportation as innovations and technologies transform transportation itself. We must also concentrate on sustainable aircraft fuel.”

Ed Sniffen, Deputy Director for Highways, Department of Transportation, State of Hawaii added, “We are fully committed to taking ambitious action to accelerate achieving state goals for renewable energy and efficiency standards in its buildings, facilities, and vehicles. We want to transition to clean renewable alternative fuels and make our fleet as fuel efficient as possible to reduce emissions.

“The Hawaii Highway Department runs 190 EVs and will put them out on public used markets at 5 years.

“Current goals are unfeasible with current technology and facility constraints. We need to develop and deploy more charging infrastructure for EVs and continue to investigate alternative fuels such as hydrogen, renewable natural gas, and others.

SUMMARY

Jennifer Potter, Strategen, summed up her experience, “This conference, around the resilience theme, is completely appropriate and brilliant. The discussions presented on resiliency hubs, virtual power plants, and how these and other distributed resources can help add to our resilience and economic well-being is vital at this time.

“When we collaborate together at the Hawaii Energy Conference, we can best identify equity issues such as microgrids, opportunities for people to share energy and property lines, and hydrogen as a resource, as well as thinking about other alternative fuels. I’m excited to be part of the conversations.”

James Doran, JR Doran Inc. (Ceramic Tile Plus & E Y Design), stated, “Every year at the HEC is better. I receive so many takeaways which help me work better in my own business. This year’s resilience theme is vital. I feel like I leave the conference smarter, more engaged, and more energized to collaborate in our energy processes, and the things we can do to help others.”

Walter Enomoto, Maui County Manager, Hawaii Energy Efficiency Program, said, “I have been at the HEC from the beginning. It’s an exciting and incredible event that has grown and matured. It always has something that is relevant in the industry, not only to Maui, but to the state.”

“We have unique challenges that require a lot of creative thinking. The HEC is where ideas are shared for solutions. This year, coming off the wildfires, we shared the hope of moving forward as we discussed resilience and rebuilding efforts.”

Launched in 2014 by Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) with support from the County of Maui Office of Economic Development, the Hawaii Energy Conference (HEC) brings together experts on energy policy, strategies, leadership and innovation.

View proceedings of 2024 Hawaii Energy Conference including videos and photos

Award Winning Journalist to Keynote the Hawaii Energy Conference

by HEC Team | Feb 20, 2024 | 2024, News

Author and Wall Street Journal reporter, Katherine Blunt, will kick off the 11th Hawaii Energy Conference (HEC) sharing her research and insights from the California wildfires and the fall of Pacific Gas and Electric. Presented by the Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB), the conference will feature keynote speakers, panel discussions, case studies and an exhibit venue as it explores the theme “Reimagining Resilience” May 22-23, 2024 at Maui Arts & Cultural Center.

Keynote speaker, Katherine Blunt is the author of California Burning: The Fall of Pacific Gas and Electric and What is Means for America’s Power Grid. Blunt’s coverage of PG&E, reported in close collaboration with two colleagues, was a finalist for the 2020 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting and earned a Gerald Loeb award, the highest honor in business journalism. The series also won the 2019 Thomas L. Stokes Award for energy and environmental writing, as well as a silver Barlett & Steele award through the Donald W. Reynolds National Center for Business Journalism. “We believe people in Hawaii are genuinely interested in learning more about how wildfires caused the bankruptcy of PG&E so that they can see if there are lessons applicable to Hawaii,” said Doug McLeod, also a founding member of the HEC Program Committee.

With extreme weather events increasing in frequency and severity, the panels will discuss cutting edge solutions to improve resilience in the face of a rapidly changing climate. Distributed energy resources (DERs), including PV coupled with batteries, are critical tools for strengthening energy resilience in this volatile operating environment.

Katherine Blunt, a reporter for the Wall Street Journal and author of California Burning: The Fall of Pacific Gas and Electric and What it Means for America’s Power Grid

“Prioritizing energy resilience within our homes, businesses, communities and industries is critical for maintaining a reliable, accessible supply of energy while also limiting system vulnerabilities to increasing natural disasters,” said Jonathan Koehn, a founding member of the HEC Program Committee and Chief Sustainability & Resilience Officer, City of Boulder. “Resilient energy systems can also improve health, comfort, affordability and accessibility.”

Attendees will hear from experts on topics such as whether biofuels can really support resilience while lowering carbon emissions, and how resilience planning can prioritize historically marginalized and disadvantaged communities. The program will also provide an update from the Legislature and discuss the pros and cons of undergrounding and insulating electrical lines.

The HEC is supported by the County of Maui Office of Economic Development and brings together experts and thought leaders to connect and explore the latest advancements shaping the energy landscape world-wide. The Conference expects to draw participation from Hawaii, the Continental U.S., Asia-Pacific, and more for discussions on risk management, grid stability, and adaptive solutions that ensure a reliable and resilient energy supply.

Registration is now open with early bird rates available until March 31.

Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit corporation established in 1982 with a mission to diversify Maui County’s economy, building pathways to innovation, jobs and opportunity for our residents. Through partnerships with the public and private sector, MEDB undertakes projects that assists growth industries with navigating and thriving in our county, educates and trains residents for new careers, and engages our community in forums that determine future economic directions.

High Energy at the MACC as the Hawaii Energy Conference returns

by HEC Team | Jun 15, 2023 | 2023, News

The 2023 Hawaii Energy Conference (HEC) was an exciting event for the 401 attendees interested in sustainable-energy practices and the future of renewable energy. After three years of virtual streaming, attendees from Maui County, neighbor islands, continental U.S., Canada and Japan celebrated the 10^th Anniversary of the conference as it returned to the Maui Arts & Cultural Center on May 24-25.

Presented by Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) and supported by the County of Maui Office of Economic Development, the Hawaii Energy Conference brought together experts in the field to share their knowledge and experiences. Speakers and panelists included energy industry leaders, researchers, entrepreneurs, and county and state-government policymakers.

The conference opened with welcome remarks by Leslie Wilkins, President and CEO of MEDB. “Each panel and invited talk was designed to give attendees the tools, knowledge, and connections they need to make meaningful changes. We have to commit, incentivize innovation, and work together to reach our sustainability goals for a brighter future for Hawaii.”

“The Hawaii Energy Conference is more important than ever,” said HEC Program Committee Member, Doug McLeod, DKK Energy Services, LLC. “It is clear that meeting in-person is vital to building trust while discussing issues and solving challenges. Permitting, equity, community engagement, and the general pace of reaching our sustainable goals were key concerns discussed this year, and so much more. The responsibility of our energy transition falls on each one of us.”

The keynote speaker Daphne Frias, a 25-year-old youth activist from New York, spoke about the importance of including our youth in the energy conversation. Frias also spoke about the innate resiliency of disabled people and how that relates to adaptability and sustainability in the energy sector of the economy.

“About one eighth of the global population is disabled but does not have a proportional voice in the public conversation,” explained Frias.  “However, the disabled community has learned to be resilient. They watch out for each other. This translates into how we can deal with climate change.”

She continued, “An inclusive infrastructure is close to being a green infrastructure. We should ask how clean-energy mandates work for disabled and disadvantaged communities who are more impoverished.

“There was a clear message of the need for engagement and empowerment in our communities at the 2023 Hawaii Energy Conference,” said Jacqui Hoover, HEC Program Committee Chair; Executive Director and COO, Hawaii Island Economic Development Board (HIEDB); and President, Hawaii Leeward Planning. “Beginning with our first keynote speaker, youth climate and disability activist Daphne Frias, the conversation addressed equity and inclusion. Many of the panelists in the different energy sectors acknowledged the importance of all voices being heard and included in our energy solutions. This is the most holistic way of moving forward to achieve our goals.”

“Having conferences like the Hawaii Energy Conference where we can talk-story helps us to drive legislation that will execute sustainability and renewable energy,” said Senator Lynn Decoite, State of Hawaii, who spoke on a panel on Recent Activity in the Hawaii Legislature. “The legislators need support. We need to see ourselves 10-20 years from now and commit to our sustainable future.”

Keynote Speaker, Daphne Frias, a 25 y.o. activist from New York, kicked off HEC2023

L. to R. Alicia Moy, Hawaii Gas; Shelee Kimura, Hawaiian Electric; Jacqui Hoover, HiEDB

L. to R. Rep. Nicole Lowen, Senator Lynn Decoite; Mark Glick, Hawaii State Energy Office

Day 2 began with Shelee Kimura, President & CEO of Hawaiian Electric, and Alicia Moy, President & CEO of Hawaii Gas, who discussed “Sharing Our Visions, Opportunities and Challenges in the Energy Industry.” Moderated by Hoover, the conversation included a look at the importance of diversity in the energy sector, including leadership.

“The true message of the conference this year was that we have to look at our issues holistically, by listening to all voices and hearing new perspectives,” said Hoover.

Hawaiian Electric hopes to adopt the 2030 aspirational goal to reduce our carbon emission by 50 percent in the state’s economy and by 70 percent in the electricity sector.  Hawaii Gas’s long-term plan is intended to help Hawaii reach our 100-percent renewable-energy goals by 2045.

Kimura explained, “Our individual paths are unique, but when we frame them together, which we must now, we can get things done. We are both working to get clean-energy projects permitted, interconnected, and operational in a reasonable amount of time. Hawaii Gas is an important part of that.”

Moy added, “Shelee and I have bonded over Hawaii’s energy solutions, especially for the future of our next generation. I feel that there has been a shift. Once there was that competition, but now we know our future depends on working together.”

The Hawaii Energy Conference addressed three main focus areas: community engagement as we move toward our 2045 goals; whether we are moving fast enough toward these goals and whether they are realistic; and new tools and technology for future energy generation and distribution.

In her closing remarks, Leslie Wilkins, remarked on the high representation of women at the 2023 Hawaii Energy Conference. “Ten years ago when the Hawaii Energy Conference began, women were significantly underrepresented in the energy sector. This year, we have women leading in policy, utilities, as developers, conference leaders, and so much more. There is no question that women are bringing their leadership into the energy-industry sector and it is making it stronger.”

In addition to the general sessions, the conference also provided networking opportunities for attendees. There was high energy in the exhibit venue with attendees relishing the opportunity for face-to-face connections after three years of virtual programming. Participating sponsors showcased the latest renewable-energy technologies and services during breaks and the networking reception.

“The Hawaii Energy Conference is great because it brings everyone from all the different energy sectors together,” observed Jim Kelly, VP Government and Community Relations and Corporate Communications, Hawaiian Electric. “Reconnecting in-person with others in the industry after so many years is key to moving forward with our energy transition. We need in-person events like the HEC to discuss everything that is essential towards our renewable goals.”

Kenzie Judson of Institute for Integrated Energy Systems, Canada remarked, “I have enjoyed being at the Hawaii Energy Conference. I was surprised to learn that a small island and a huge entity like Canada are considering a lot of similar solutions.”

The 2023 Hawaii Energy Conference was sponsored by Johnson Controls, Ulupono Initiative, Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (HNEI), FranklinWH, Hawaiian Electric, AES, Ameresco/Bright Canyon Energy, Aukahi Energy, Brookfield Renewables, Burns & McDonnell, Hawaii Energy, Par Hawaii, Aloha Charge, Generac Power Systems, Hawaii Gas, Hawaii State Energy Office, Kamehameha Schools, Kauai Island Utility Cooperative, Moss & Associates, Osmose Utility Services, RE+ Events, Sol-Ark, STEM Energy and Sunrun.

“The Hawaii Energy Conference is important for us because Kamehameha Schools are very involved with renewable-energy projects on Maui, Oahu and the Big Island. Therefore, renewable energy is an important topic for us,” said Dana K. N. Sato, Director, Leasing & Transaction, Kamehameha Schools. “In general, all of our students are being educated about sustainability, good environmental practice, and aloha ‘aina. It is part of our cultural identity to take care of our environment.”

“This is my first time at the Hawaii Energy Conference,” said panelist Kirstin Punu of AES Hawaii and representing Women in Renewable Energy (WIRE.) “I have made so many connections and have received so many ideas from my peers in the industry. The conference provided a synergistic approach to having conversation, a shared sense of urgency behind the energy issues. I think the programming has been phenomenal and engaging.”

The final networking opportunity was co-sponsored by WIRE, a non-profit organization in Hawaii that brings together women from all sectors of the energy industry to have open and trusted conversations.  Many were already looking ahead to returning to the MACC for the Hawaii Energy Conference in 2024.

 “I was surprised to see how many different folks from different parts of the world have come to the Hawaii Energy Conference to talk about energy,” observed Zendo Kern, Director of Planning, County of Hawaii “Plus, they did not just complain; there was this consistency of here’s what we have to do, here’s our goals, here’s our challenges, and here’s some of our solutions.”

Kern concluded, “The Hawaii Energy Conference was well organized and kept building on itself from the community engagement theme, to permitting, and to planning what’s next. I found the conference insightful, engaging, and, ultimately, fun.”

Exhibitors and Attendees enjoy the opportunity to network face-to-face at the 2023 Hawaii Energy Conference

SUMMARY OF PANELS AND INVITED TALKS

FOCUS AREA 1: COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT AND EMPOWERMENT

In Hawaii, there is a long history of working together on important issues: no task is too big when done together by all (a’ohe hana nui ke alu’a). The first three panels explored the energy transition and asked whether the process is working as hoped.

PANEL 1 | EMPOWERING RESIDENTS: COMMUNITY-ENGAGED APPROACHES TO RENEWABLE ENERGY

From Molokai’s recently approved community-based renewable-energy project to a new participatory budgeting model to determine community benefits, Hawaii is attempting new ways of engagement.

“Community engagement is important to help us all reach our sustainable energy goals,” said moderator Murray Clay, President, Ulupono Initiative. “At Ulupono, we find that social infrastructures are as important as technical infrastructure in demonstrating all the possibilities of renewable energy.”

Leilani Chow, Energy Program Manager, Sust’āinable Molokai contributed, “Our Molokai Action Plan would increase the island’s renewable energy, including sustainable emergency preparedness capabilities, and strengthen infrastructure. On Molokai, we agree that we need to be drivers of our destiny as a community to shape growth that aligns with our cultural values. Our community self-determination, initiative, and organization matter. Even if there is a lot of land available, we do not want to compromise our living environment.”

“When we look to enhance a community-driven process, at least 40 percent of benefits need to flow down to disadvantaged communities,” added Mark Glick, Chief Energy Officer, Hawaii State Energy Office. “There needs to be an alignment of interests between developers and residents, and shared responsibility.”

Vice President of Resource Procurement, Hawaiian Electric, Rebecca Dayhuff Matsushima said, “The local community knows their own needs and constraints the best. In community engagement, you are dealing with many competing interests, such as housing, food, and transportation, in addition to energy. This makes it hard to hear the collective voice, given that we always have vocal individuals.”

“I’m mainly concerned with utility-scale solar projects, where no community support means no project,” explained Nicola Park, Director, Hawaii, Clearway Energy Group. “Challenges in community-led projects require communication with all stakeholders, including residents. In considering the trade-offs between renewable energy and new housing, the community often favors renewable energy projects. In the future, electric bills will go up. However, the increase will be less than the cost of what other options would have been.”

INVITED TALK |  IDEAS FOR HOW MORE PEOPLE CAN BENEFIT FROM ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND SOLAR ENERGY

Caroline Carl, Executive Director, Hawaii Energy and Robert “Rocky” Mould, Executive Director, Hawaii Solar Energy Association shared the stage for a 15 minute presentation.

“At Hawaii Energy we focus on making energy-efficiency education and clean-energy initiatives more accessible and more affordable to Hawaii families and businesses,” said Carl. “Customer-sited rooftop solar leads Hawaii’s renewable-energy transition. We remain tasked with accelerating energy-efficiency and clean-energy technologies by raising awareness and inspiring action. There are 489 appliances provided through our Appliance Trade-up Program. Through our EmPOWER Grant from 2020-2022, there have been significant customer bill savings and grant dollars distributed.”

The Hawaii Solar Energy Association works with industry, regulators, policymakers, and other stakeholders to drive Hawaii’s clean-energy transformation, create green jobs and provide resilient alternatives. Mould said, “Customer roof-top solar presently leads Hawaii’s energy transition. There are about 100,000 residential installations statewide. This accounts for 50 percent for all renewable installations in Hawaii. However, with the highly variable number of permits over the years, we have a ‘solar-coaster’ effect that needs to be evened out,” he warned. “Together, we need a collaborative partnership of stakeholders harnessing all the available resources.

PANEL 2 | RECENT ACTIVITY IN THE HAWAII LEGISLATURE

Attendees were brought up to date on the work of Hawaii state legislators with panelists Senator Lynn Decoite and Representative Nicole Lowen. Moderated by Mark Glick, Chief Energy Officer, Hawaii State Energy Office. Discussions centered around whether they have solutions to allow more participation by the community in energy decisions, or whether they have answers to the high cost of electricity.

“Of great importance is the sensitivity to the overall economic and cultural needs, as well as the desires, of the people throughout Hawaii,” said Glick. “We are essentially disparate from the continental states, and we need to work together on a lot of initiatives.”

Senator DeCoite, who serves as the Chair on the Hawaii Senate Committee on Energy, Economic Development, and Tourism, said “We need to involve the community residents in legislative sessions and debate, beyond just testifying. We need to figure out what happened last session and engage specific legislators who stalled bills on issues of concern.”

“In addition, we want to make sure the average person can participate in the transition. Solar roof tops are difficult to obtain for the average person. For this reason alone, it is critical to have powerful legislation.”

Representative Lowen is the Chair on the Hawaii House Committee on Energy and Environmental Protection. She commented, “The key policy objectives are very diverse. However, we are not the biggest player in resolving these issues, so much depends on the technology that becomes available. The legislature can do straightforward things like setting efficiency standards for appliances and phasing out old-style fluorescent lighting in favor of LEDs.”

“Clean-energy legislation such as SB 691 can be read online at https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov.,” Lowen continued, “Personally, I think we need to be less attached to individual bills and more attached to the problems that need to be solved. Resilience, affordability, reliability, all of the above, are critical issues, but the legislature is not the biggest player in this issue. Energy independence is so important. We need to focus on what the next steps are that will help facilitate a just and equitable transition.”

PANEL 3 | COALITION BUILDING AND NEW IDEAS

Jonathan Koehn, Director of the City of Boulder Climate Initiatives Department and a member of the HEC Program Committee returned to Maui to moderate this panel to discuss some of the new ideas from Hawaii and beyond. “We need to include everyone in an ‘energy democracy’ with new policies and coalitions to design an inclusive energy system,” he stated. “We have to think collectively on how to reach our energy goals through new policies and coalitions. Also, we need to think creatively for a more holistic approach to protect the most vulnerable.

Panelist, Forest Frizzell, Co-Founder & CEO, Shifted Energy said, “With nearly half of Native Hawaiians no longer able to live in Hawaii, we have a once-in-a-generation opportunity to replace imported fuel with renewable energy. This will bolster our local economy and job market long-term to keep our residents from leaving.

“If we want economic resilience in Hawaii, we need to take advantage of the opportunity to level the playing field for local companies. Smaller companies also need to be able to participate in clean-energy opportunities.”

“Technology brings half the solution for energy transition,” said Dawn Lippert, Founder & CEO, Elemental Excelerator. “The community brings the other half. That is why I encourage new companies to invest in community, especially low-and-middle-income families.

“Energy is an important issue for a healthy and affordable lifestyle. I think this is where we can be innovative: How do we do cooling better? How do we do better filtering and make people feel comfortable? We have to be much more creative. Air-conditioning is a huge issue for wellness. This is an opportunity for technology advances in that area of expertise. A dollar of investment for energy-efficiency goes further here in Hawaii because of our higher energy costs.

“We should be more competitive and work more strategically with alignment in all aspects and sectors. Now, more than ever, we are in a competitive place for technology resources. We need to be learning as fast as we can. Start-ups are key.”

Stephany Vaioleti is a Community Engagement Navigator with Hawaii Energy. She said, “Companies need to figure out how to collaborate with competitors in order to achieve energy transition by 2045. We have competing priorities, so conflicting values are an issue. Our Energy Equity Hui, a statewide government-nongovernment collaborative, is working to ensure equitable transformation in our clean-energy goals. We must create a pono path with stronger, equitable outcomes through values, trust, partnerships, increased education, transparency, and economic development.”

INVITED TALK | LOCAL WORKFORCE NEEDS

In another 15 minute segment, two presenters discussed managing local workforce needs.

Damien Kim is the Business Manager/Financial Secretary for International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) Local 1186 who spoke on how the IBEW Apprenticeship Program is teaching participants to help the workforce stay up to date on our energy needs.

“Orientation into an electrical program takes about five years. Workers make about $19 an hour and can make $112,000 a year, plus benefits like health care, a pension, and more. It is a great program with minimal tuition, paying students while they learn their skill. There is no school debt. Currently, we have about 400 participants in our program statewide. We bring about 50 more each year. We are always searching for people who want to work hard and grow.”

Kim continued, “Today’s challenge of getting a good workforce is finding the people with the right attitude, common sense, and good work ethics. We are working with schools and career-path programs, such as engineering, architecture, and others, to find talented students and enter them into our program. We also look for soldiers coming out of the military to help them find good paying jobs. Bottom line, we are trying different ways to create and recruit to keep our local people here. With good careers, they can live and thrive in Hawaii.”

Danielle Irwin is President of Makaha Learning Center, a native 501(c)3 non-profit that was started to create opportunities for Native Hawaiians through leadership, trade-training education, and outreach programs. She said, “The renewable-energy transition will completely change our landscape, our economics and the way we do business, like it happened with the sugar cane industry. We had to import people from all over.”

“I would like to challenge us to make sure, before it is too late, to educate a workforce that is local. Historically, Hawaii has been good at exporting resources and importing expertise, which is why I think workforce development has high payoff in this state.

“We have been able to educate over 200 students specifically in solar industry jobs, including general construction, renewable energy, electrical apprenticeship, and photo-voltaic technology.

A career in solar can be extremely lucrative, and we can adapt quickly to changes in the energy industry.”

FOCUS AREA 2: ARE WE MOVING FAST ENOUGH?

Islands, and other areas subject to extreme weather events, need more resilient energy systems. Is progress too slow? Are the goals realistic?

PANEL 4 | PROJECTS PERMITS: HOW ARE THEY AFFECTING HAWAII’S TRANSITION GOALS?

Jacqui Hoover, Chair, Conference Program Committee moderated this panel. “We discussed whether permitting policies and rules even make sense. Our homes all need energy. What happens if we don’t meet our 2045 goals? How can we all participate in the permitting process so it benefits everyone? How much do permitting interventions interrupt the process?”

“Everyone wants certainty in the permitting process, said Kathleen Aoki,Director of Planning, Maui County. “Developers, community members, environmentalist, and others all want to know what, where, and how their projects will happen.

“We are in the process of rewriting our zoning code; many things need to go, and our land-use ratings are outdated. It is a tradeoff on what our priorities are” Aoki continued, “Pre-planning by developers with communities and others affected can reduce interventions during the permitting process. We need unity and collaboration in planning projects. Finding inclusive solutions is vital.”

Gary Huffman, Senior Client Relations Manager, Burns & McDonnell Engineering contributed,

“The permitting process outcomes can be very different in different states and in different counties in Hawaii for the same project. Hawaii has achieved rooftop-solar penetration that is larger than any other state and yet Hawaii’s permitting is slower than other states.”

“The speed of receiving permits depends on how much the developer and investors put into it. It is simple if you check all the boxes, including working within the community through outreach, education, hearing their concerns, and explaining what it is in the project that can benefit the community. All stakeholders must collaborate.”

“Applicants for permits want certainty,” said Zendo Kern, Director of Planning, County of Hawaii. “The community also needs certainty that previous work and their values are being honored. Permitting is a necessary part of planning projects because it improves the reliability of projects. Rooftop single-home solar projects should be instantly permitted.”

Mahina Martin, Chief of Communications and Public Affairs, County of Maui Office of the Mayor said, “We are at a critical point where we have to make quicker decisions about taking Hawaii forward in clean energy. We should recognize that health care facilities and nursing homes need energy. We are facing a reflective time with tradeoffs for our safety, health, and environmental protection.”

“Permitting is just part of the process,” Martin concluded. “Culturally, communities want to slow it down, while investors want to speed it up. We have a kuleana in Hawaii to our ‘aina, which sometimes clashes with big infrastructure.”

Jordan Molina, Director of Public Works, County of Maui, said “I have been on all sides of the permit process and have a sense of empathy to all parties that need to go through this process. There is a way through it; however, we need to be partners to make it succeed. In general, the quality of submissions should be better. It is important to put the effort in at the front of the project to get the best results without having so many interventions during permitting.

PANEL 5 | WHAT DOES THE DATA SAY?

Celeste Connors, Executive Director, Hawaii Green Growth moderated this panel to review the different 100-percent goals involving renewable energy, carbon, and sustainability. “It was essential to discuss whether we are on track for 2045 in context of other priorities like housing, education, wellness, and others. Two-thirds of imported oil in Hawaii goes to transportation.”

Connors pointed out, “We want 70-percent reduction in carbon emissions by 2030 and 40 percent of energy production from renewables by 2030. At this point in time, Hawaii’s goals pre-date even the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.

Greg Gaug, Senior Vice President, Investments & Analytics, Ulupono Initiative, said, “Electrifying ground transportation will result in 50-percent reduction in carbon emissions. It is vital to understand the importance of tradeoffs and benefits associated with adding more renewable energy to electric systems, and the potential impact on agricultural land. We must always preserve high-quality ag land and the lowest electricity rate, with less or no offshore wind-generation.

“Ninety percent of our food in Hawaii is imported. If we are concerned about sustainability and self-sufficiency, we have a trade-off of land for renewable-energy generation. We need to both increase our renewable energy production and our food production.

President & CEO of Hawaiian Electric, Shelee Kimura, said, “The renewable fraction of energy produced in Hawaii has gone from 9 percent in 2010 to 32 percent today. We need to execute projects quicker, which means better cost-effectiveness because electricity demand will double by 2045.”

“We must consider pathways to cut carbon emissions to achieve net-zero in electric power generation by 2045, in all sectors. Also, additional carbon-dioxide removal is needed to offset residual non-CO2/non-combustion emissions. Data shows the path to the goals. Over the next seven years, we need to get to 70 percent.”

Mahina Paishon-Duarte, Co-founder and Executive Officer/Managing Partner, Waiwai Collective said, “We need to have partners early-on to identify the hardest equity issues by creating a roundtable for everyone to contribute. Using a Malama Implementation Tool, a comprehensive project assessment tool to support partners in project development efforts, we can prioritize locally relevant measures of success.”

“Scoring well with this tool will indicate our achievements towards Hawaii’s statewide sustainability commitments. Measuring it against the Aloha+ Challenge Dashboard, we can identify relevant goals and metrics indicating Hawaii’s progress toward achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.”  

 PANEL 6 | DEVELOPERS ROUNDTABLE

This panel featured the most successful developers of our state’s largest wind and solar projects to date. They discussed recent challenges and future opportunities in developing and building utility-scale energy projects in Hawaii.

Wren Wescoatt, Director of Development, Hawaii Longroad Energy moderated the panel, stating, “As our state moves toward 100-percent decarbonized power, much of the lowest-cost clean energy will come from large grid-connected renewable projects. These projects are complicated, expensive and sometimes controversial, but they really move the needle in replacing fossil-fuel generation.”

“The conversation about climate change, sea-level rise, impact to our state and the part that renewable energy plays in this, is essential. The state and utility have already started campaigns where they are informing the public about possible projects. It is time for real community ownership.”

D. Noelani Kalipi, Executive Vice President, with Progression Energy is currently working on a fully offshore wind farm, Aukahi Energy. “Being the first of its kind, our offshore floating wind project had challenges and skepticism to deal with, including triggering every permit imaginable at the federal, state, and county levels in multiple ways.”

“It takes a lot to develop in Hawaii,” she added. “We put relationships first, and we believe that shared values drive project success. In strategic planning and implementation, you have to envision the impact of a project into the future.”

Nicola Park, Director, Hawaii, Clearway Energy Group, said, “Developing can be really challenging, so it’s vital to work together for a common goal. Technically, all of us on this panel are competitors and have gone head-to-head on the same projects; however, we are all really good friends. We are on a common battlefield together, going through many of the same challenges, and we actually collaborate when and where we can.”

“Collaboration, building trust, and honest communication are key elements in all of our projects. It takes a village!” said Kirstin Punu, Project Origination, AES Clean Energy, Hawaii.  “Where there are challenges, there are also solutions. Our current online projects are a very critical component of enabling the responsible and equitable transition we are making across the state.”

We encourage community feedback and input often, throughout the planning and permitting process, and we discuss how transition upgrades will benefit the residents.”

INVITED TALK | ENERGY EQUITY DOCKET

Stephany Vaioleti of Hawaii Energy returned to the stage to introduce Grace Relf, Chief of Policy and Research, Hawaii Public Utilities Commission, explaining “The Hawaii Public Utilities Commission (PUC) is requesting public input on how the state’s energy system can be more equitable. Their new docket seeks to define energy equity and integrate energy-justice practices into the commission’s proceedings.”

 “The PUC is working to improve community engagement and affordability of energy, especially in the home, as electricity rates increase,” shared Relf. “Certain populations have been left behind in the renewable-energy transition and we have to correct that. We want our Energy Equity Docket to include public input to assure thriving communities in the face of climate change. Getting out into the community and hearing their ideas is a good way to get more people involved, educated, informed and engaged in our energy solutions. We have posted our meetings related to the docket online, and anyone can provide comment at any time.”

FOCUS AREA 3: NEW TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES

If we want different outcomes, we may need new tools.

PANEL 7 | USING H2 IN HI

Moderator Julie Yunker, Director of Sustainability, Government and Community Affairs, Hawaii Gas introduced the panel, “Hydrogen has been the new buzz word in the past couple of years. It’s been around for a while, but seems to have a recent resurgence with a lot of funding from the federal government.”

“Working with Hawaii Gas, we are already transporting hydrogen in blended form with natural gas in pipelines,” said Ganesh Arumugam, Senior Materials Engineer, Oceanit. “Currently fossil fuels account for 98 percent of our hydrogen production, and only10 percent goes to transportation and other uses. Most of the hydrogen is used in chemical industry processes.”

“However, Hawaii Gas can transport natural gas blends containing up to 15 percent hydrogen and they already have 1,100 miles of pipeline. What remains to be done is to study the effect of enriched hydrogen blends on existing home appliances.”

“Hydrogen already has an infrastructure for public transportation,” said Mitch Ewan, Hydrogen Systems Program Manager, HNEI.  “It is lighter than batteries, has rapid fueling, and a long range of transport. Hydrogen-fueled vehicles are already operating for the general public on the Big Island. Public transportation is the key to hydrogen acceptance. People will become aware that hydrogen is very quiet and odor-free. The only exhaust product is water vapor, although it requires cheap electricity for its production.”

Riley Saito, Energy Specialist, County of Hawaii shared the work they are doing on the Pacific Hydrogen Alliance which consists of facilities in Namie, Japan (near the famous Fukushima nuclear power plant); Lancaster, California; and in Hawaii County. “Currently, we are using above-ground pipelines for low-density hydrogen transport,” he said. “The Alliance is studying where local county funding matters the most when trying to transport hydrogen on a large scale. Their job is to figure out where the delivery points for the hydrogen need to be, and then let researchers figure out how to produce the hydrogen on a large scale.

“The permitting process is critical to scaling up hydrogen production. Also, commercial and household acceptance is not yet complete. People are afraid of explosions, and they are not aware that hydrogen is a renewable resource, although it requires electricity to produce the hydrogen gas.”

PANEL 8 | DECARBONIZATION PATHWAYS: HOW WILL HAWAII ACHIEVE ITS GOALS AND WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM OTHERS?

HEC Program Committee member Colton Ching, Senior Vice President, Planning & Technology, Hawaiian Electric moderated this panel that discussed how Hawaii’s economy can achieve a 50-percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from the 2005 levels by the end of this decade and net-zero carbon emissions by 2045. “Decarbonization is an economy-wide problem,” Ching began. “We may need to reset the whole economy. Decarbonization targets are hardest to hit in the Hawaiian Electric sector of the economy.”

Mark Glick of the Hawaii State Energy Office (HSEO) who was back on stage as a panelist said “We are primarily concerned with energy-efficiency, renewable energy, and clean transportation. The state of Hawaii needs a comprehensive strategy for all of these. The HSEO has to consider energy storage, grid modernization, transportation, electrical generation and other energy production.

“The biggest energy users in Hawaii are air travel, marine shipping, and agriculture. We currently have a study underway to see the extent to which hydrogen may become a near-term solution for ground transportation. We are producing a report on the decarbonization pathway for Hawaii, to be delivered to the legislature by December 2023.”

“Hawaiian Airlines has a goal to be net-zero for carbon by 2050,” said Alanna James, Hawaiian Airlines Managing Director of Sustainability Initiatives. “Aviation jet fuel is 27 percent of the total petroleum consumption in Hawaii. In the U.S., only Alaska has a higher percentage devoted to aviation fuel. Inter-island flights account for only 11 percent of the aviation fuel consumption, while long-haul flights consume 89 percent. Therefore, most of the work for decarbonization in aviation has to deal with the long-haul flights.”

James continued, “The main decarbonization drivers for Hawaiian Airlines are fleet renewal, decreasing fuel consumption; operational efficiencies, using cleaner ground power; and air-traffic control modernization, being done through the federal government. For the short-haul flights, it is possible that next-generation aircraft using new technology might reduce the fuel consumption on short flights. However, this is a very long and expensive technical development.

“About two thirds of Hawaiian Airlines reduction to net-zero decarbonization will come from using sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). The federal government has posed a grand challenge, with funding, to researchers to use non-petroleum sources for aviation fuel production and to modify existing airplanes and infrastructure to be able to use up to 50-percent blends of SAF and traditional fuels.

“We need new policies in place to encourage the production and use of SAF, which is largely a federal government responsibility. Hawaiian Airlines operates in many different states and countries, each with different decarbonization requirements. Therefore, SAF, as it is produced in limited quantities, will go to the markets where it has the most value. Hawaii must compete in those markets.”

Amber Mahone, Managing Partner, Energy & Environmental Economics (E3) added, “Hawaii has unique challenges and opportunities for decarbonization. For example, we do not have much space-heating requirement in Hawaii because of the local climate. Also, we have little heavy manufacturing, mining, or refining in Hawaii. However, the technologies necessary for decarbonization are not yet commercialized. Hawaii also has to resolve competing land uses. For example, should we convert more agricultural land for renewable-energy production?”

INVITED TALK | WHAT’S IN THE PIPELINE

Leslie Wilkins, President & CEO, Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) introduced this presentation on workforce initiatives. “Workforce development is economic development. We are truly transforming the energy-transition workforce pipeline at MEDB to build equity and access to ensure the STEM education pipeline is reflective of the true demographics of our state with equity and access for all.”  

As a Program Officer with University of Hawaii Community Colleges System, Joshua Kaakuais involved with innovative-opportunity workforce training programs for Hawaii residents. He said, “Good Jobs Hawaii is a coalition among the University of Hawaii Community Colleges, businesses, educators, and community partners that will help people in Hawaii get high-quality jobs, while ensuring employers meet their needs for a skilled and local workforce.

“Good Jobs Hawaii offers free skills-training in Hawaii’s high-demand sectors, including clean-energy information, skilled trades, information technology, healthcare, and creative industries, which can all lead to more prosperous careers. It is important for students to get involved in this partnership with training providers, universities, employers, and the stakeholders who are involved in making our state’s workforce development better.”

Katie Taladay, Director of Education and Workforce Development at MEDB talked about MEDB’s all-new K-12 Energy Education Curriculum for the Hawaii State Energy Office (HSEO). “This curriculum aligns with the national standards for science. However, when designing this program, we were surprised over the lack of K-12 energy-literacy in Hawaii.

It is essential to have energy-related literacy coming into the college level or we will not produce any energy-related degrees or careers.”

Taladay continued, “Every module in the curriculum was designed as hands-on activities to cover every energy-related topic from wind to solar, to geothermal, electricity, smart grid, and more. Every teacher that participated received a tool kit to use in their classroom. The kits are now available on the HSEO website. So far, we have trained almost 200 teachers across the state. In addition, the kits are available in our STEMworks™ Lending Library. Also, K-12 educators can request to borrow a renewable-energy kit by going to our STEMworks website.”

RISK AND BENEFITS OF ENERGY STORAGE

Doug McLeod, DKK Energy Services, LLC led this panel that looked at the benefits of energy storage in three separate markets.

“As renewable adoption increases, clean-energy optimization is needed to stabilize the grid,” said Ashley Henderson, Principal Program Manager, Stem. “Opportunities to pair energy storage include solar, backup generators and EV charging. Benefits include utility-bill savings; resilience and backup power; flexibility and solar self-consumption; demand charge management; and demand reduction.

“Utilities use storage to defer traditional infrastructure investments and to deliver energy where it’s needed. For example, Transmission and Distribution (T&D) Deferral, discharges batteries to reduce peak loads during overload; Resource Adequacy, called by utility to discharge batteries when generation resources are limited; and Transmission Congestion Relief, discharges batteries when locational pricing is high, reducing the need to transmit power into a region or zone.

Joti Mangat, Chief Revenue Officer, Rising Sun shared how VPP (Virtual Power Plants)  program offers significant incentives for existing and new energy storage systems powered by rooftop solar.

“VPP home battery reward programs use behind-the-meter smart-energy-activating assets to perform different functions at different times based on the value to the grid and to the home. The 6000-home aggregation of behind-the-meter energy storage into a VPP program provides a total of 81.7 MW of combined grid services with capacity-build during excess renewable-energy generation, capacity-reduce during peak usage, and fast frequency response.

“With intelligent home energy management, value-stacking grid service payments improve bill economics and offer periodic checks for customers with negative bill balances. By harnessing the collective power in our homes, we enable a more affordable and resilient Hawaii that also helps us meet our 100-percent renewable-energy goals.”

“Kauai’s utility-scale energy is already 60-percent renewable overall, using only short-term energy storage batteries,” shared Brad Rockwell, COO, Kauai Island Utility Cooperative. “In West Kauai, we are currently constructing long-term hydroelectric energy storage from a water reservoir which will run a 4MW hydroelectric generator and a planned 20MW generator. We run every sunny day at 100-percent renewable, sometimes 10 hours without fossil fuel, but we still have no solar at night. We need to crack that last nut.”

“With this long-term energy storage, Kauai can reach 100-percent renewable and eliminate oil,” concluded Rockwell to spontaneous audience applause. “With numerous benefits for the community and state, we are almost there and we are very proud of it!”

WHAT’S UP WITH GEOTHERMAL?

Maria Tome, Managing Director, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Hawaii State Energy Office moderated this panel that looked at the future of geothermal energy. She was joined by

Nicole Lautze, Founder and Director, Hawaii Groundwater and Geothermal Resources Center; Professor, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics who said, ““Geothermal is potentially a very attractive renewable-energy option. It is relatively inexpensive, has a low footprint on the land, and is available 24/7. It is also dispatchable between certain upper and lower limits, meaning that you can vary the output at a given facility to respond to increased or decreased demand, as needed.”

“We have very incomplete data about geothermal resources in Hawaii, even though we have several volcanoes. Surveys are expensive. For example, making a single 5-inch slim hole to a typical depth of 2km would currently cost about $3M. At the moment, no state or federal funding is earmarked for geothermal development.”

Michael Kaleikini, Senior Director, Hawaii Affairs with Ormat Technologies, a leading geothermal company engaged in geothermal and recovered-energy generation. He said, “The Puna Geothermal Venture, operating from its start in 1993 to the present, is a geothermal energy power plant on the Island of Hawaii. The plant was shut down shortly after the start of the May 2018 lower Puna eruption, and resumed power generation in November 2020. The State of Hawaii owns all geothermal resources since they are considered mineral resources. Consequently, any private exploitation of geothermal energy will have to pay fees to the state and is also very expensive.”

Na’alehu Anthony, Chief Executive Director, ‘Oiwi TV; Principal of Paliku Documentary Films was also on the panel and shared, “There is a vast set of resources available to us as we move forward in our clean-energy goal initiatives. We must use them wisely. Given that, we need to find organizational tools to allow for this information to be available and accessible to all stakeholders so that we can work together for the best solutions for all.”

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Launched in 2014 by Maui Economic Development Board (MEDB) with support from the County of Maui Office of Economic Development, the Hawaii Energy Conference (HEC) brings together experts on energy policy, strategies, leadership and innovation. Energy leaders from Hawaii, the Continental U.S., Asia-Pacific and more exchange ideas on how to better serve our communities in today’s rapidly changing power generation and delivery environment.